Condensed Publications List

Condensed Publications List

  1. K. Cheng, Z. Huang, P. Wang, L. Sun, H. Ghasemi, H. Ardebili, A. Karim "Antibacterial flexible triboelectric nanogenerator via capillary force lithography" J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 2022, 630, 611–622. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.129
  2. Y. Elgawady, D. Ponnamma, M. K. Hassan, S. Adham, A. Karim, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed "In situ synthesized amphiphilic polysulfone-poly(ethylene-glycol) block copolymer/silver nanocomposite for separating oil/water emulsion" J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2022, 139, 51931. DOI: 10.1002/app.51931
  3. G. Venkatesh, G. Palanisamy, M. Srinivasan, S. Vignesh, N. Elavarasan, T. Pazhanivel, A. M. Al-Enizi, M. Ubaidullah, A. Karim, K. M. Prabu "CaSnO3 coupled g-C3N4 S-scheme heterostructure photocatalyst for efficient pollutant degradation" Diam. Relat. Mater. 2022, 124, 108873. DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2022.108873
  4. K. Cheng, S. Wallaert, H. Ardebili, A. Karim "Advanced triboelectric nanogenerators based on low-dimension carbon materials: A review" Carbon 2022, 194, 81–103. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.03.037
  5. M. Singh, A. Agrawal, W. Wu, A. Masud, E. Armijo, D. Gonzalez, S. Zhou, T. Terlier, C. Zhu, J. Strzalka, K. Matyjaszewski, M. Bockstaller, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Soft-shear-aligned vertically oriented lamellar block copolymers for template-free sub-10 nm patterning and hybrid nanostructures" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14, 12824–12835. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23865
  6. N. M. Justyn, A. Nallapaneni, A. J. Parnell, A. Karim, M. D. Shawkey "A synergistic combination of structural and pigmentary colour produces non-spectral colour in the purple-breasted cotinga, Cotinga cotinga (Passeriformes: Cotingidae)" Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 2022, 135, 62–70. DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab144
  7. Z. Huang, S. Nazifi, K. Cheng, A. Karim, H. Ghasemi "Scalable inter-diffused zwitterionic polyurethanes for durable antibacterial coatings" Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 422, 130085. DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130085
  8. A. Masud, W. Wu, M. Singh, W. Tonny, A. Ammar, K. Sharma, J. Strzalka, T. Terlier, J. Douglas, A. Karim "Solvent processing and ionic liquid enabled long-range vertical ordering in block copolymer films with enhanced film stability" Macromolecules 2021, 54, 8512–8525. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01305
  9. S. Bhadauriya, A. Nallapaneni, X. Wang, J. Zhang, A. Masud, M. R. Bockstaller, A. M. Al-Enizi, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Enhanced resistance to decay of imprinted nanopatterns in thin films by bare nanoparticles compared to polymer-grafted nanoparticles" Nanoscale Adv. 2021, 3, 5348–5354. DOI: 10.1039/D1NA00206F
  10. W. Wu, M. Singh, A. Masud, X. Wang, A. Nallapaneni, Z. Xiao, Y. Zhai, Z. Wang, T. Terlier, M. Bleuel, G. Yuan, S. K. Satija, J. F. Douglas, K. Matyjaszewski, M. R. Bockstaller, A. Karim "Control of phase morphology of binary polymer grafted nanoparticle blend films via direct immersion annealing" ACS Nano 2021, 15, 12042–12056. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03357
  11. M. Singh, W. Wu, V. Nuka, J. Strzalka, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Late stage domain coarsening dynamics of lamellar block copolymers" ACS Macro Lett. 2021, 10, 727–731. DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00105
  12. B. V. Tawade, I. E. Apata, N. Pradhan, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Recent advances in the synthesis of polymer-grafted low-K and high-K nanoparticles for dielectric and electronic applications" Molecules 2021, 26, 2942. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102942l
  13. P. Das, S. K. Behura, S. A. McGill, D. Raghavan, A. Karim, N. R. Pradhan "Development of photovoltaic solar cells based on heterostructure of layered materials: challenges and opportunities" Emergent Mater. 2021, 4, 881–900. DOI: 10.1007/s42247-021-00205-6
  14. M. Singh, I. E. Apata, S. Samant, W. Wu, B. V. Tawade, N. Pradhan, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Nanoscale strategies to enhance the energy storage capacity of polymeric dielectric capacitors: review of recent advances" Polym. Rev. 2021, 62, 211–260. DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.1917609
  15. A. Masud, M. Longanecker, S. Bhadauriya, M. Singh, W. Wu, K. Sharma, T. Terlier, A. M. Al-Enizi, S. Satija, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Ionic liquid enhanced parallel lamellar ordering in block copolymer films" Macromolecules 2021, 54, 4531–4545. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02546.
  16. A. A. El-Samak, D. Ponnamma, M. K. Hassan, S. Adham, A. Karim, A. Ammar, M. Alser, S. Shurbaji, N. O. Eltai, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed "Multifunctional oil absorption with macroporous polystyrene fibers incorporating silver-doped ZnO" ACS Omega 2021, 6, 8081–8093. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05683
  17. S. Samant, S. Hailu, M. Singh, N. Pradhan, K. Yager, A. M. Al-Enizi, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Alignment frustration in block copolymer films with block copolymer grafted TiO2 nanoparticles under soft-shear cold zone annealing" Polym. Adv. Technol. 2021, 32, 2052–2060. DOI: 10.1002/pat.5234
  18. S. Bhadauriya, X. Wang, A. Nallapaneni, A. Masud, Z. Wang, J. Lee, M. R. Bockstaller, A. M. Al-Enizi, C. H. Camp Jr, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Observation of general entropy–enthalpy compensation effect in the relaxation of wrinkled polymer nanocomposite films" Nano Lett. 2021, 21, 1274–1281. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02817
  19. M. Singh, W. Wu, M. N. Basutkar, J. Strzalka, A. M. Al-Enizi, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Ultra-fast vertical ordering of lamellar block copolymer films on unmodified substrates" Macromolecules 2021, 54, 1564–1573. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01782
  20. B. V. Tawade, I. E. Apata, M. Singh, P. Das, N. Pradhan, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Recent developments in the synthesis of chemically modified nanomaterials for use in dielectric and electronics applications" Nanotechnology 2021, 32, 142004. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6c
  21. L. Wu, L. Yu, F. Zhang, B. McElhenny, D. Luo, A. Karim, S. Chen, Z. Ren "Heterogeneous bimetallic phosphide Ni2P-Fe2P as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for water/seawater splitting" Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2006484. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006484
  22. P. Das, J. Nash, M. Webb, R. Burns, VN. Mapara, G. Ghimire, D. Rosenmann, R. Divan, D. Karaiskaj, SA. McGill, AV. Sumant, QL. Dai, PC. Ray, B. Tawade, D. Raghavan, A. Karim, NR. Pradhan "High broadband photoconductivity of few-layered MoS2 field-effect transistors measured using multi-terminal methods: effects of contact resistance" Nanoscale 2020, 12, 22904-22916. DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07311c
  23. J. Han, Y. Zhai, Z. Wang, M. Bleuel, T. Liu, R. Yin, W. Wu, I. F. Hakem, A. Karim, K. Matyjaszewski, M. R. Bockstaller "Nanosized organo-silica particles with “Built-in” surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization capability as a platform for brush particle synthesis" ACS Macro Lett. 2020, 9, 1218–1223. DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00502
  24. S. Samant, M. Basutkar, M. Singh, A. Masud, C. A. Grabowski, K. Kisslinger, J. Strzalka, G. Yuan, S. Satija, I. Apata, D. Raghavan, M. Durstock, A. Karim "Effect of molecular weight and layer thickness on the dielectric breakdown strength of neat and homopolymer swollen lamellar block copolymer films" ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2020, 2, 3072–3083. DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c00127
  25. Y. Luo, X. Wang, R. Zhang, M. Singh, A. Ammar, D. Cousins, M. K. Hassan, D. Ponnamma, S. Adham, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed, A. Karim "Vertically oriented nanoporous block copolymer membranes for oil/water separation and filtration" Soft Matter 2020, 16, 9648–9654. DOI: 10.1039/D0SM00526F
  26. L. Wu, L. Yu, F. Zhang, D. Wang, D. Luo, S. Song, C. Yuan, A. Karim, S. Chen, Z. Ren "Facile synthesis of nanoparticle-stacked tungsten-doped nickel iron layered double hydroxide nanosheets for boosting oxygen evolution reaction" J. Mater. Chem. A 2020, 8, 8096–8103. DOI: 10.1039/D0TA00691B
  27. S. Bhadauriya, J. Zhang, J. Lee, M. R. Bockstaller, A. Karim, R. J. Sheridan, C. M. Stafford "Nanoscale pattern decay monitored line by line via in situ heated atomic force microscopy" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 15943–15950. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01807
  28. A. A. El-Samak, D. Ponnamma, M. K. Hassan, A. Ammar, S. Adham, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed, A. Karim "Designing flexible and porous fibrous membranes for oil water separation—A review of recent developments" Polym. Rev. 2020, 60, 671–716. DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1714651
  29. D. Ponnamma, S. S Nair, H. Parangusan, M. K. Hassan, S. Adham, A. Karim, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed "White graphene–cobalt oxide hybrid filler reinforced polystyrene nanofibers for selective oil absorption" Polymers 2020, 12, 4. DOI: 10.3390/polym12010004
  30. Z. Huang, S. Nazifi, P. Jafari, A. Karim, H. Ghasemi "Networked zwitterionic durable antibacterial surfaces" ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2020, 3, 911–919. DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00982
  31. X. Wang, S. Bhadauriya, R. Zhang, P. Pitliya, D. Raghavan, J. Zhang, M. R. Bockstaller, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Nanoimprint directed assembly of associating polymer-grafted nanoparticles for polymer thin films with enhanced stability" ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2019, 1, 3242–3252. DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.9b00569
  32. M. N. Basutkar, P. W. Majewski, G. S. Doerk, K. Toth, C. O. Osuji, A. Karim, K. G. Yager "Aligned morphologies in near-edge regions of block copolymer thin films" Macromolecules 2019, 52, 7224–7233. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01703
  33. S. Bhadauriya, X. Wang, D. Raghavan, M. R. Bockstaller, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Tuning the relaxation of imprinted polymer films with polymer-grafted nanoparticles" Microsc. Microanal. 2019, 25, 2238–2239. DOI: 10.1017/S1431927619011929
  34. A. Hayirlioglu, M. Kulkarni, G. Singh, A. M. Al-Enizi, I. Zvonkina, A. Karim "Block copolymer ordering on elastomeric substrates of tunable surface energy" Emergent Mater. 2019, 2, 11–22. DOI: 10.1007/s42247-019-00025-9
  35. A. F. Huq, A. Karim "Comparative solvent quality dependent crystallization in solvent vapor annealing of P3HT:PCBM thin films by in-situ GIWAXS" Polymer 2019, 165, 101–111. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.12.034
  36. X. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Ye, T.-Y. Lai, C. R. Snyder, A. Karim, K. A. Cavicchi, D. S. Simmons "Dynamical correlations for statistical copolymers from high-throughput broad-band dielectric spectroscopy" ACS Comb. Sci. 2019, 21, 276–299. DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00160
  37. R. S. Dongre, K. K. Sadasivuni, K. Deshmukh, A. Mehta, S. Basu, J. S. Meshram, M. A. A. Al-Maadeed, A. Karim "Natural polymer based composite membranes for water purification: a review" Polym.-Plast. Technol. Mater. 2019, 58, 1295–1310. DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2018.1563116
  38. Y. Chen, Z. Wang, M. M. Kulkarni, X. Wang, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. A. Elzatahry, J. F. Douglas, A. V. Dobrynin, A. Karim "Hierarchically patterned elastomeric and thermoplastic polymer films through nanoimprinting and ultraviolet light exposure" ACS Omega 2018, 3, 15426–15434. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01116
  39. S. Bhadauriya, X. Wang, P. Pitliya, J. Zhang, D. Raghavan, M. R. Bockstaller, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Tuning the relaxation of nanopatterned polymer films with polymer-grafted nanoparticles: observation of entropy–enthalpy compensation" Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 7441–7447. DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02514
  40. A. Nathani, A. Adaval, A. Karim, C. S. Sharma "Poly(styrene-block-methylmethacrylate) derived electrospun mesoporous nanofibers" Surf. Interfaces 2018, 12, 168–178. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2018.05.011
  41. A. Modi, A. Karim, M. Tsige "Solvent and substrate induced synergistic ordering in block copolymer thin films" Macromolecules 2018, 51, 7186–7196. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00816
  42. T. Meng, C. Yi, L. Liu, A. Karim, X. Gong "Enhanced thermoelectric properties of two-dimensional conjugated polymers" Emergent Mater. 2018, 1, 67–76. DOI: 10.1007/s42247-018-0002-4
  43. X. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. R. Snyder, A. Al-Enizi, A. Eltazahry, D. S. Simmons, A. Karim "Structure, nanomechanics, and dynamics of dispersed surfactant-free clay nanocomposite films" Polym. Eng. Sci. 2018, 58, 1285–1295. DOI: 10.1002/pen.24693
  44. X. Liu, N. Bhandaru, M. Banik, X. Wang, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Karim, R. Mukherjee "Capillary force lithography pattern-directed self-assembly (CFL-PDSA) of phase-separating polymer blend thin films" ACS Omega 2018, 3, 2161–2168. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02078
  45. A. F. Huq, I. Zvonkina, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Karim "Controlling nanoparticle crystallinity and surface enrichment in polymer (P3HT)/nanoparticle (PCBM) blend films with tunable soft confinement" Polymer 2018, 136, 37–46. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.12.037
  46. D. A. Barkley, N. Jiang, M. Sen, M. K. Endoh, J. G. Rudick, T. Koga, Y. Zhang, O. Gang, G. Yuan, S. K. Satija, D. Kawaguchi, K. Tanaka, A. Karim "Chain conformation near the buried interface in nanoparticle-stabilized polymer thin films" Macromolecules 2017, 50, 7657–7665. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01187
  47. N. Salunke, A. Nallapaneni, G. Yuan, C. M. Stafford, H. Niu, M. D. Shawkey, R. A. Weiss, A. Karim "Film confinement induced “jump-percolation” wetting transition in amphiphilic block copolymer films" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 35349–35359. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07245
  48. N. Bhandaru, A. Karim, R. Mukherjee "Directed ordering of phase separated domains and dewetting of thin polymer blend films on a topographically patterned substrate" Soft Matter 2017, 13, 4709–4719. DOI: 10.1039/C7SM00799J
  49. A. Nallapaneni, M. D. Shawkey, A. Karim "Specular and diffuse reflectance of phase-separated polymer blend films" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2017, 38, 1600803. DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600803
  50. Y. Sun, P. Pitliya, C. Liu, X. Gong, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Block copolymer compatibilized polymer: fullerene blend morphology and properties" Polymer 2017, 113, 135–146. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.019
  51. A. F. Huq, A. Ammar, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Karim "In-situ orientation and crystal growth kinetics of P3HT in drop cast P3HT:PCBM films" Polymer 2017, 113, 200–213. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.01.067
  52. A. Ammar, A. Elzatahry, M. Al-Maadeed, A. M. Alenizi, A. F. Huq, A. Karim "Nanoclay compatibilization of phase separated polysulfone/polyimide films for oxygen barrier" Appl. Clay Sci. 2017, 137, 123–134. DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2016.12.012
  53. H. Yuan, I. J. Zvonkina, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. A. Elzatahry, J. Pyun, A. Karim "Facile assembly of aligned magnetic nanoparticle chains in polymer nanocomposite films by magnetic flow coating" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 11290–11298. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b02186
  54. R. Zhang, B. Lee, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, A. V. Dobrynin, M. R. Bockstaller, A. Karim "Entropy-driven segregation of polymer-grafted nanoparticles under confinement" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2017, 114, 2462–2467. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1613828114
  55. A. Al-Saygh, D. Ponnamma, M. A. AlMaadeed, P. Vijayan P, A. Karim, M. K. Hassan "Flexible pressure sensor based on PVDF nanocomposites containing reduced graphene oxide-titania hybrid nanolayers" Polymers 2017, 9, 33. DOI: 10.3390/polym9020033
  56. M. Schmitt, J. Zhang, J. Lee, B. Lee, X. Ning, R. Zhang, A. Karim, R. F. Davis, K. Matyjaszewski, M. R. Bockstaller "Polymer ligand–induced autonomous sorting and reversible phase separation in binary particle blends" Sci. Adv. 2016, 2, e1601484. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601484
  57. M. Longanecker, A. Modi, A. Dobrynin, S. Kim, G. Yuan, R. Jones, S. Satija, J. Bang, A. Karim "Reduced domain size and interfacial width in fast ordering nanofilled block copolymer films by direct immersion annealing" Macromolecules 2016, 49, 8563–8571. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01690
  58. S. Samant, J. Strzalka, K. G. Yager, K. Kisslinger, D. Grolman, M. Basutkar, N. Salunke, G. Singh, B. Berry, A. Karim "Ordering pathway of block copolymers under dynamic thermal gradients studied by in situ GISAXS" Macromolecules 2016, 49, 8633–8642. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01555
  59. Y. Chen, Z. Zhao, A. Karim, R. A. Weiss "Shape memory of microscale and nanoscale imprinted patterns on a supramolecular polymer compound" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2016, 37, 1932–1938. DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600362
  60. R. Zhang, B. Lee, M. R. Bockstaller, S. K. Kumar, C. M. Stafford, J. F. Douglas, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Pattern-directed phase separation of polymer-grafted nanoparticles in a homopolymer matrix" Macromolecules 2016, 49, 3965–3974. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00228
  61. R. Zhang, B. Lee, M. R. Bockstaller, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Elzatahry, B. C. Berry, A. Karim "Soft-shear induced phase-separated nanoparticle string-structures in polymer thin films" Faraday Discuss. 2016, 186, 31–43. DOI: 10.1039/C5FD00141B
  62. S. P. Samant, C. A. Grabowski, K. Kisslinger, K. G. Yager, G. Yuan, S. K. Satija, M. F. Durstock, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Directed self-assembly of block copolymers for high breakdown strength polymer film capacitors" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 7966–7976. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11851
  63. R. Bakare, S. Hawthrone, C. Vails, A. Gugssa, A. Karim, J. Stubbs, D. Raghavan "Antimicrobial and cell viability measurement of bovine serum albumin capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/BSA) loaded collagen immobilized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) film" J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2016, 465, 140–148. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.11.041
  64. A. Ammar, A. M. Al-Enizi, M. A. AlMaadeed, A. Karim "Influence of graphene oxide on mechanical, morphological, barrier, and electrical properties of polymer membranes" Arab. J. Chem. 2016, 9, 274–286. DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.07.006
  65. B. Zewde, P. Pitliya, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Synergistic effect of functionalized carbon nanotubes and micron-sized rubber particles on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin" Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2016, 301, 542–548. DOI: 10.1002/mame.201500279
  66. N. Deb, B. Li, M. Skoda, S. Rogers, Y. Sun, X. Gong, A. Karim, B. G. Sumpter, D. G. Bucknall "Harnessing structure–property relationshipsfor poly(alkyl thiophene)–fullerene derivative thin films to optimize performance in photovoltaic devices" Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 1908–1920. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201502653
  67. A. F. Huq, M. Kulkarni, A. Modi, D.-M. Smilgies, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Elzatahry, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Vertical orientation of solvent cast nanofilled PS-b-PEO block copolymer thin films at high nanoparticle loading" Polymer 2016, 82, 22–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.049
  68. C. Ye, Y. Sun, A. Karim, B. D. Vogt "Extending dynamic range of block copolymer ordering with rotational cold zone annealing (RCZA) and ionic liquids" Macromolecules 2015, 48, 7567–7573. DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02128
  69. N. Deb, R. R. Dasari, K. Moudgil, J. L. Hernandez, S. R. Marder, Y. Sun, A. Karim, D. G. Bucknall "Thermo-cross-linkable fullerene for long-term stability of photovoltaic devices" J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 21856–21863. DOI: 10.1039/C5TA05824D
  70. C. Ye, L. Zhang, G. Fu, A. Karim, T. Kyu, A. L. Briseno, B. D. Vogt "Controlled directional crystallization of oligothiophenes using zone annealing of preseeded thin films" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 23008–23014. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06344
  71. A. Modi, S. M. Bhaway, B. D. Vogt, J. F. Douglas, A. Al-Enizi, A. Elzatahry, A. Sharma, A. Karim "Direct immersion annealing of thin block copolymer films" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 21639–21645. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06259
  72. K. Wang, C. Liu, P. Du, L. Chen, J. Zhu, A. Karim, X. Gong "Efficiencies of perovskite hybrid solar cells influenced by film thickness and morphology of CH3NH3PbI3−xClx layer" Org. Electron. 2015, 21, 19–26. DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.02.023
  73. K. G. Yager, C. Forrey, G. Singh, S. K. Satija, K. A. Page, D. L. Patton, J. F. Douglas, R. L. Jones, A. Karim "Thermally-induced transition of lamellae orientation in block-copolymer films on ‘neutral’ nanoparticle-coated substrates" Soft Matter 2015, 11, 5154–5167. DOI: 10.1039/C5SM00896D
  74. C. Liu, K. Wang, C. Yi, X. Shi, P. Du, A. W. Smith, A. Karim, X. Gong "Ultrasensitive solution-processed perovskite hybrid photodetectors" J. Mater. Chem. C 2015, 3, 6600–6606. DOI: 10.1039/C5TC00673B
  75. X. Zhang, J. F. Douglas, S. Satija, A. Karim "Enhanced vertical ordering of block copolymer films by tuning molecular mass" RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 32307–32318. DOI: 10.1039/C5RA02047F
  76. S. Samant, S. T. Hailu, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Orientation control in nanoparticle filled block copolymer cold zone annealed films" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 604–614. DOI: 10.1002/polb.23684
  77. F. S. U. Fischer, D. Trefz, J. Back, N. Kayunkid, B. Tornow, S. Albrecht, K. G. Yager, G. Singh, A. Karim, D. Neher, M. Brinkmann, S. Ludwigs "Highly crystalline films of PCPDTBT with branched side chains by solvent vapor crystallization: influence on opto-electronic properties" Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 1223–1228. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403475
  78. S. T. Hailu, S. Samant, C. Grabowski, M. Durstock, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Synthesis of highly dispersed, block copolymer-grafted TiO2 nanoparticles within neat block copolymer films" J. Polym. Sci. Part Polym. Chem. 2015, 53, 468–478. DOI: 10.1002/pola.27460
  79. S. Roy, D. Bandyopadhyay, A. Karim, R. Mukherjee "Interplay of substrate surface energy and nanoparticle concentration in suppressing polymer thin film dewetting" Macromolecules 2015, 48, 373–382. DOI: 10.1021/ma501262x
  80. S. M. Bhaway, K. Kisslinger, L. Zhang, K. G. Yager, A. L. Schmitt, M. K. Mahanthappa, A. Karim, B. D. Vogt "Mesoporous carbon–vanadium oxide films by resol-assisted, triblock copolymer-templated cooperative self-assembly" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 19288–19298. DOI: 10.1021/am505307t
  81. J. Zheng, Y. Chen, A. Karim, M. L. Becker "Dopamine-based copper-free click kit for efficient surface functionalization" ACS Macro Lett. 2014, 3, 1084–1087. DOI: 10.1021/mz5005162
  82. H. Yuan, G. Singh, D. Raghavan, A. M. Al-Enizi, A. Elzatahry, A. Karim "Dispersion morphology and correlation to moduli using buckling metrology in clay–biopolymer nanocomposite thin films" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 13378–13388. DOI: 10.1021/am5026819
  83. K. Wang, C. Yi, X. Hu, C. Liu, Y. Sun, J. Hou, Y. Li, J. Zheng, S. Chuang, A. Karim, X. Gong "Enhanced performance of polymer solar cells using PEDOT:PSS doped with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles aligned by an external magnetostatic field as an anode buffer layer" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 13201–13208. DOI: 10.1021/am503041g
  84. P. Pitliya, Y. Sun, J. C. Garza, C. Liu, X. Gong, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Synthesis and characterization of novel fulleropyrrolidine in P3HT blended bulk heterojunction solar cells" Polymer 2014, 55, 1769–1781. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.034
  85. X. Zhang, K. G. Yager, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Suppression of target patterns in domain aligned cold-zone annealed block copolymer films with immobilized film-spanning nanoparticles" Soft Matter 2014, 10, 3656–3666. DOI: 10.1039/C4SM00238E
  86. B. Li, H. Ren, H. Yuan, A. Karim, X. Gong "Room-temperature, solution-processed MoOx thin film as a hole extraction layer to substitute PEDOT/PSS in polymer solar cells" ACS Photonics 2014, 1, 87–90. DOI: 10.1021/ph4000168
  87. C. Ye, G. Singh, M. L. Wadley, A. Karim, K. A. Cavicchi, B. D. Vogt "Anisotropic mechanical properties of aligned polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane thin films" Macromolecules 2013, 46, 8608–8615. DOI: 10.1021/ma401780r
  88. D. Bandyopadhyay, D. Grolman, G. Singh, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Spinodal clustering induced dewetting and non-monotonic stabilization of polymer blend films at high nanofiller concentrations" Polymer 2013, 54, 6206–6209. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.08.063
  89. J. Xue, G. Singh, Z. Qiang, K. G. Yager, A. Karim, B. D. Vogt "Facile control of long range orientation in mesoporous carbon films with thermal zone annealing velocity" Nanoscale 2013, 5, 12440–12447. DOI: 10.1039/C3NR03591C
  90. K. Wang, H. Ren, C. Yi, C. Liu, H. Wang, L. Huang, H. Zhang, A. Karim, X. Gong "Solution-processed Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle thin film aligned by an external magnetostatic field as a hole extraction layer for polymer solar cells" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 10325–10330. DOI: 10.1021/am4033179
  91. R. Zhang, G. Singh, A. Dang, L. Dai, M. R. Bockstaller, B. Akgun, S. Satija, A. Karim "Nanoparticle-driven orientation transition and soft-shear alignment in diblock copolymer films via dynamic thermal gradient field" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2013, 34, 1642–1647. DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300485
  92. J. Xue, G. Singh, Z. Qiang, A. Karim, B. D. Vogt "Unidirectional self-assembly of soft templated mesoporous carbons by zone annealing" Nanoscale 2013, 5, 7928–7935. DOI: 10.1039/C3NR02821F
  93. T. Rao, G. Singh, S. Xie, A. Karim, M. L. Becker "2-D gold nanoparticle arrays from thermally directed self-assembly of peptide-derivatized block copolymers" Soft Matter 2013, 9, 8023–8032. DOI: 10.1039/C3SM51106E
  94. G. Singh, S. Batra, R. Zhang, H. Yuan, K. G. Yager, M. Cakmak, B. Berry, A. Karim "Large-ccale roll-to-roll fabrication of vertically oriented block copolymer thin films" ACS Nano 2013, 7, 5291–5299. DOI: 10.1021/nn401094s
  95. J. E. Marszalek, C. G. Simon Jr., C. Thodeti, R. K. Adapala, A. Murthy, A. Karim "2.5D constructs for characterizing phase separated polymer blend surface morphology in tissue engineering scaffolds" J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2013, 101A, 1502–1510. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34439
  96. D. Bandyopadhyay, G. Singh, M. L. Becker, A. Karim "Capillary wave confinement-induced stabilization of polymer films" ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 4006–4010. DOI: 10.1021/am4002502
  97. B. C. Berry, G. Singh, H.-C. Kim, A. Karim "Highly aligned block copolymer thin films by synergistic coupling of static graphoepitaxy and dynamic thermal annealing fields" ACS Macro Lett. 2013, 2, 346–350. DOI: 10.1021/mz400054y
  98. K. A. Masser, H. Yuan, A. Karim, C. R. Snyder "Polymer chain dynamics in intercalated poly(ε-caprolactone)/nanoplatelet blends" Macromolecules 2013, 46, 2235–2240. DOI: 10.1021/ma3022647
  99. P. Pitliya, G. Singh, J. Chapa, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Dispersion–orientation effects of fulleropyrrolidine in zone annealed block-copolymer films toward optimizing OPV interfaces" Polymer 2013, 54, 1415–1424. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.12.068
  100. H. Wang, X. Yu, C. Yi, H. Ren, C. Liu, Y. Yang, S. Xiao, J. Zheng, A. Karim, S. Z. D. Cheng, X. Gong "Fine-tuning of fluorinated thieno[3,4-b]thiophene copolymer for efficient polymer solar cells" J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 4358–4363. DOI: 10.1021/jp311031s
  101. G. Singh, K. G. Yager, B. Berry, H.-C. Kim, A. Karim "Dynamic thermal field-induced gradient soft-shear for highly oriented block copolymer thin films" ACS Nano 2012, 6, 10335–10342. DOI: 10.1021/nn304266f
  102. G. Singh, K. G. Yager, D.-M. Smilgies, M. M. Kulkarni, D. G. Bucknall, A. Karim "Tuning molecular relaxation for vertical orientation in cylindrical block copolymer films via sharp dynamic zone annealing" Macromolecules 2012, 45, 7107–7117. DOI: 10.1021/ma301004j
  103. H. Kang, M. L. Clarke, S. H. D. P. Lacerda, A. Karim, L. F. Pease, J. Hwang "Multimodal optical studies of single and clustered colloidal quantum dots for the long-term optical property evaluation of quantum dot-based molecular imaging phantoms" Biomed. Opt. Express 2012, 3, 1312–1325. DOI: 10.1364/BOE.3.001312
  104. D. Bandyopadhyay, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Fullerene nanoparticles as molecular surfactant for dewetting of phase-separating polymer blend films" Macromolecules 2012, 45, 4716–4722. DOI: 10.1021/ma300008e
  105. M. M. Kulkarni, K. G. Yager, A. Sharma, A. Karim "Combinatorial block copolymer ordering on tunable rough substrates" Macromolecules 2012, 45, 4303–4314. DOI: 10.1021/ma300169a
  106. A. Ranjan, M. Kulkarni, A. Karim, A. Sharma "Diblock copolymer lamellae on sinusoidal and fractal surfaces" J. Chem. Phys. 2012, 136, 94903. DOI: 10.1063/1.3685223
  107. D. Bandyopadhyay, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Influence of C60 nanoparticles on the stability and morphology of miscible polymer blend films" Macromolecules 2011, 44, 8136–8142. DOI: 10.1021/ma201201v
  108. S. Kim, J. F. Douglas, C. L. Soles, A. Karim, R. M. Briber "Using block copolymer self-assembly to imprint the crystallization of polymer dendrites" Soft Matter 2011, 7, 8969–8976. DOI: 10.1039/C1SM05768E
  109. R. Schmidt, J. Benkoski, K. Cavicchi, A. Karim "Imaging magnetic flux lines with iron oxide nanoparticles using a “fossilized liquid assembly”" Soft Matter 2011, 7, 5756–5763. DOI: 10.1039/C1SM05057E
  110. J. R. Roberts, R. S. Chapman, V. R. Tirumala, A. Karim, B. T. Chen, D. Schwegler-Berry, A. B. Stefaniak, S. S. Leonard, J. M. Antonini "Toxicological evaluation of lung responses after intratracheal exposure to non-dispersed titanium dioxide nanorods" J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 2011, 74, 790–810. DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2011.567954
  111. J. J. Park, J. A. Fagan, J. Y. Huh, K. B. Migler, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "SPR imaging study of DNA wrapped single wall carbon nanotube (ssDNA-SWCNT) adsorption on a model biological (collagen) substrate" Soft Matter 2010, 6, 5581–5588. DOI: 10.1039/C0SM00368A
  112. X. Zhang, K. G. Yager, N. J. Fredin, H. W. Ro, R. L. Jones, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas "Thermally reversible surface morphology transition in thin diblock copolymer films" ACS Nano 2010, 4, 3653–3660. DOI: 10.1021/nn9016586
  113. G. Yuan, C. Li, S. K. Satija, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, C. C. Han "Observation of a characteristic length scale in the healing of glassy polymer interfaces" Soft Matter 2010, 6, 2153–2159. DOI: 10.1039/C002046J
  114. M. C. Weiger, J. J. Park, M. D. Roy, C. M. Stafford, A. Karim, M. L. Becker "Quantification of the binding affinity of a specific hydroxyapatite binding peptide" Biomaterials 2010, 31, 2955–2963. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.01.012
  115. K. E. Sohn, K. Kojio, B. C. Berry, A. Karim, R. C. Coffin, G. C. Bazan, E. J. Kramer, M. Sprung, J. Wang "Surface effects on the thin film morphology of block copolymers with bulk order−order transitions" Macromolecules 2010, 43, 3406–3414. DOI: 10.1021/ma1001194
  116. J. J. Park, M. C. Weiger, S. H. De Paoli Lacerda, D. Pristinski, M. L. Becker, J. F. Douglas, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Characterization of non-equilibrium nanoparticle adsorption on a model biological substrate" Langmuir 2010, 26, 4822–4830. DOI: 10.1021/la903581w
  117. K. G. Yager, N. J. Fredin, X. Zhang, B. C. Berry, A. Karim, R. L. Jones "Evolution of block-copolymer order through a moving thermal zone" Soft Matter 2010, 6, 92–99. DOI: 10.1039/B916200C
  118. X. Zhang, K. G. Yager, S. Kang, N. J. Fredin, B. Akgun, S. Satija, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, R. L. Jones "Solvent retention in thin spin-coated polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) homopolymer films studied by neutron reflectometry" Macromolecules 2010, 43, 1117–1123. DOI: 10.1021/ma902168w
  119. S. H. D. P. Lacerda, J. J. Park, C. Meuse, D. Pristinski, M. L. Becker, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas "Interaction of gold nanoparticles with common human blood proteins" ACS Nano 2010, 4, 365–379. DOI: 10.1021/nn9011187
  120. K. J. Alvine, Y. Ding, J. F. Douglas, H. Wook Ro, B. C. Okerberg, A. Karim, K. A. Lavery, S. Lin-Gibson, C. L. Soles "Effect of fluorosurfactant on capillary instabilities in nanoimprinted polymer patterns" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2009, 47, 2591–2600. DOI: 10.1002/polb.21884
  121. A. W. Bosse, E. K. Lin, R. L. Jones, A. Karim "Interfacial fluctuations in an ideal block copolymer resist" Soft Matter 2009, 5, 4266–4271. DOI: 10.1039/B909292G
  122. X. Zhang, S. H. De Paoli Lacerda, K. G. Yager, B. C. Berry, J. F. Douglas, R. L. Jones, A. Karim "Target patterns induced by fixed nanoparticles in block copolymer films" ACS Nano 2009, 3, 2115–2120. DOI: 10.1021/nn9002133
  123. K. J. Alvine, Y. Ding, J. F. Douglas, H. W. Ro, B. C. Okerberg, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Capillary instability in nanoimprinted polymer films" Soft Matter 2009, 5, 2913–2918. DOI: 10.1039/B901409H
  124. Y. Ding, S. Pawlus, A. P. Sokolov, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Dielectric spectroscopy investigation of relaxation in C60−polyisoprene nanocomposites" Macromolecules 2009, 42, 3201–3206. DOI: 10.1021/ma8024333
  125. J. T. Han, G.-W. Lee, S. Kim, H.-J. Lee, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Direct observation of interfacial C60 cluster formation in polystyrene–C60 nanocomposite films" Nanotechnology 2009, 20, 105705. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/10/105705
  126. K. G. Yager, B. C. Berry, K. Page, D. Patton, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Disordered nanoparticle interfaces for directed self-assembly" Soft Matter 2009, 5, 622–628. DOI: 10.1039/B813970A
  127. B. C. Okerberg, B. C. Berry, T. R. Garvey, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Competition between crystallization and dewetting fronts in thin polymer films" Soft Matter 2009, 5, 562–567. DOI: 10.1039/B806074F
  128. J. J. Park, S. H. D. P. Lacerda, S. K. Stanley, B. M. Vogel, S. Kim, J. F. Douglas, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Langmuir adsorption study of the interaction of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots with model substrates: influence of substrate surface chemistry and pH" Langmuir 2009, 25, 443–450. DOI: 10.1021/la802324c
  129. X. Zhang, B. C. Berry, K. G. Yager, S. Kim, R. L. Jones, S. Satija, D. L. Pickel, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Surface morphology diagram for cylinder-forming block copolymer thin films" ACS Nano 2008, 2, 2331–2341. DOI: 10.1021/nn800643x
  130. J. Zhou, B. Berry, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, C. R. Snyder, C. Soles "Nanoscale thermal–mechanical probe determination of 'softening transitions' in thin polymer films" Nanotechnology 2008, 19, 495703. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/49/495703
  131. J. J. Benkoski, S. E. Bowles, R. L. Jones, J. F. Douglas, J. Pyun, A. Karim "Self-assembly of polymer-coated ferromagnetic nanoparticles into mesoscopic polymer chains" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2008, 46, 2267–2277. DOI: 10.1002/polb.21558
  132. Y. Ding, H. W. Ro, K. J. Alvine, B. C. Okerberg, J. Zhou, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Nanoimprint lithography and the role of viscoelasticity in the generation of residual stress in model polystyrene patterns" Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 1854–1862. DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200701402
  133. H. W. Ro, H. Peng, K. Niihara, H.-J. Lee, E. K. Lin, A. Karim, D. W. Gidley, H. Jinnai, D. Y. Yoon, C. L. Soles "Self-sealing of nanoporous low dielectric constant patterns fabricated by nanoimprint lithography" Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 1934–1939. DOI: 10.1002/adma.200701994
  134. S. H. De Paoli Lacerda, J. F. Douglas, S. D. Hudson, M. Roy, J. M. Johnson, M. L. Becker, A. Karim "Quantum mazes: luminescent labyrinthine semiconductor nanocrystals having a narrow emission spectrum" ACS Nano 2007, 1, 337–347. DOI: 10.1021/nn700111c
  135. A. W. Bosse, J. F. Douglas, B. C. Berry, R. L. Jones, A. Karim "Block-copolymer ordering with a spatiotemporally heterogeneous mobility" Phys. Rev. Lett. 2007, 99, 216101. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.216101
  136. A. P. Smith, J. F. Douglas, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Effect of temperature on the morphology and kinetics of surface pattern formation in thin block copolymer films" Langmuir 2007, 23, 12380–12387. DOI: 10.1021/la701084x
  137. H. W. Ro, R. L. Jones, H. Peng, D. R. Hines, H.-J. Lee, E. K. Lin, A. Karim, D. Y. Yoon, D. W. Gidley, C. L. Soles "The direct patterning of nanoporous interlayer dielectric insulator films by nanoimprint lithography" Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 2919–2924. DOI: 10.1002/adma.200602872
  138. Y. Ding, H. W. Ro, T. A. Germer, J. F. Douglas, B. C. Okerberg, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Relaxation behavior of polymer structures fabricated by nanoimprint lithography" ACS Nano 2007, 1, 84–92. DOI: 10.1021/nn700014p
  139. B. C. Berry, A. W. Bosse, J. F. Douglas, R. L. Jones, A. Karim "Orientational order in block copolymer films zone annealed below the order−disorder transition temperature" Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 2789–2794. DOI: 10.1021/nl071354s
  140. B. C. Berry, C. M. Stafford, M. Pandya, L. A. Lucas, A. Karim, M. J. Fasolka "Versatile platform for creating gradient combinatorial libraries via modulated light exposure" Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2007, 78, 72202. DOI: 10.1063/1.2755729
  141. S. Kim, R. M. Briber, A. Karim, R. L. Jones, H. Kim "Environment-controlled spin coating to rapidly orient microdomains in thin block copolymer films" Macromolecules 2007, 40, 4102–4105. DOI: 10.1021/ma0625298
  142. Y. Ding, H. W. Ro, J. F. Douglas, R. L. Jones, D. R. Hine, A. Karim, C. L. Soles "Polymer viscoelasticity and residual stress effects on nanoimprint lithography" Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 1377–1382. DOI: 10.1002/adma.200601998
  143. J. J. Benkoski, S. E. Bowles, B. D. Korth, R. L. Jones, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, J. Pyun "Field induced formation of mesoscopic polymer chains from functional ferromagnetic colloids" J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 6291–6297. DOI: 10.1021/ja070779d
  144. B. C. Okerberg, C. L. Soles, J. F. Douglas, H. W. Ro, A. Karim, D. R. Hines "Crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) patterned by nanoimprint lithography" Macromolecules 2007, 40, 2968–2970. DOI: 10.1021/ma070293h
  145. J. J. Benkoski, R. L. Jones, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Photocurable oil/water interfaces as a universal platform for 2-D self-assembly" Langmuir 2007, 23, 3530–3537. DOI: 10.1021/la062230i
  146. J. T. Han, S. Kim, A. Karim "UVO-tunable superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic wetting transition on biomimetic nanostructured surfaces" Langmuir 2007, 23, 2608–2614. DOI: 10.1021/la0629072
  147. D. Julthongpiput, W. Zhang, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, M. J. Fasolka "Pattern-directed to isotropic dewetting transition in polymer films on micropatterned surfaces with differential surface energy contrast" Soft Matter 2007, 3, 613–618. DOI: 10.1039/B608630F
  148. H. W. Ro, Y. Ding, H.-J. Lee, D. R. Hines, R. L. Jones, E. K. Lin, A. Karim, W. Wu, C. L. Soles "Evidence for internal stresses induced by nanoimprint lithography" J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B Microelectron. Nanometer Struct. Process. Meas. Phenom. 2006, 24, 2973–2978. DOI: 10.1116/1.2387157
  149. J. J. Benkoski, H. Hu, A. Karim "Generation of hierarchical topologies from photocrosslinkable, particle-stabilized emulsions" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2006, 27, 1212–1216. DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600272
  150. P. Achalla, J. McCormick, T. Hodge, C. Moreland, P. Esnault, A. Karim, D. Raghavan "Characterization of elastomeric blends by atomic force microscopy" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2006, 44, 492–503. DOI: 10.1002/polb.20679
  151. A. I. Norman, D. L. Ho, J.-H. Lee, A. Karim "Spontaneous formation of vesicles of diblock copolymer EO6BO11 in water:  a SANS study" J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 62–67. DOI: 10.1021/jp0544336
  152. K. M. Ashley, D. Raghavan, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Wetting−dewetting transition line in thin polymer films" Langmuir 2005, 21, 9518–9523. DOI: 10.1021/la050482y
  153. A. I. Norman, D. L. Ho, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Phase behavior of block co-poly(ethylene oxide–butylene oxide), E18B9 in water, by small angle neutron scattering" J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005, 288, 155–165. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.02.091
  154. M. Y. M. Chiang, R. Song, A. J. Crosby, A. Karim, C. K. Chiang, E. J. Amis "Combinatorial approach to the edge delamination test for thin film reliability—adaptability and variability" Thin Solid Films 2005, 476, 379–385. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2004.10.028
  155. R. Song, M. Y. M. Chiang, A. J. Crosby, A. Karim, E. J. Amis, N. Eidelman "Combinatorial peel tests for the characterization of adhesion behavior of polymeric films" Polymer 2005, 46, 1643–1652. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.086
  156. S. Ludwigs, K. Schmidt, C. M. Stafford, E. J. Amis, M. J. Fasolka, A. Karim, R. Magerle, G. Krausch "Combinatorial mapping of the phase behavior of ABC triblock terpolymers in thin films:  experiments" Macromolecules 2005, 38, 1850–1858. DOI: 10.1021/ma049048d
  157. W. Zhang, M. J. Fasolka, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "An informatics infrastructure for combinatorial and high-throughput materials research built on open source code" Meas. Sci. Technol. 2005, 16, 261–269. DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/16/1/034
  158. A. Chiche, W. Zhang, C. M. Stafford, A. Karim "A new design for high-throughput peel tests: statistical analysis and example" Meas. Sci. Technol. 2005, 16, 183–190. DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/16/1/024
  159. J. T. Cabral, A. Karim "Discrete combinatorial investigation of polymer mixture phase boundaries" Meas. Sci. Technol. 2005, 16, 191–198. DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/16/1/025
  160. C. Harrison, C. M. Stafford, W. Zhang, A. Karim "Sinusoidal phase grating created by a tunably buckled surface" Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 4016–4018. DOI: 10.1063/1.1809281
  161. C. M. Stafford, C. Harrison, K. L. Beers, A. Karim, E. J. Amis, M. R. VanLandingham, H.-C. Kim, W. Volksen, R. D. Miller, E. E. Simonyi "A buckling-based metrology for measuring the elastic moduli of polymeric thin films" Nat. Mater. 2004, 3, 545–550. DOI: 10.1038/nmat1175
  162. H. Grüll, L. Sung, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, S. K. Satija, M. Hayashi, H. Jinnai, T. Hashimoto, C. C. Han "Finite-size effects on surface segregation in polymer blend films above and below the critical point of phase separation" Europhys. Lett. 2004, 65, 671. DOI: 10.1209/epl/i2003-10176-1
  163. A. I. Norman, J. T. Cabral, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Scattering measurements for high throughput materials science research" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2004, 25, 307–311. DOI: 10.1002/marc.200300239
  164. N. Eidelman, D. Raghavan, A. M. Forster, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Combinatorial approach to characterizing epoxy curing" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2004, 25, 259–263. DOI: 10.1002/marc.200300190
  165. K. Yurekli, A. Karim, E. J. Amis, R. Krishnamoorti "Phase behavior of PS−PVME nanocomposites" Macromolecules 2004, 37, 507–515. DOI: 10.1021/ma0302098
  166. C. Harrison, J. T. Cabral, C. M. Stafford, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "A rapid prototyping technique for the fabrication of solvent-resistant structures" J. Micromechanics Microengineering 2004, 14, 153–158. DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/14/1/021
  167. S.-W. Kim, A. Sehgal, A. Karim, M. J. Fasolka "Techniques for combinatorial and high-throughput microscopy Part 2: Automated optical microscopy platform for thin film research" Microsc. Today 2003, 11, 30–33. DOI: 10.1017/S1551929500053426
  168. K. Yurekli, A. Karim, E. J. Amis, R. Krishnamoorti "Influence of layered silicates on the phase-separated morphology of PS−PVME blends" Macromolecules 2003, 36, 7256–7267. DOI: 10.1021/ma020755l
  169. A. Sehgal, A. Karim, C. Stafford, M. Fasolka "Techniques for combinatorial and high-throughput microscopy Part 1: Gradient specimen fabrication for poiymer thin film research" Microsc. Today 2003, 11, 26–31. DOI: 10.1017/S1551929500053219
  170. J. C. Meredith, J.-L. Sormana, B. G. Keselowsky, A. J. García, A. Tona, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Combinatorial characterization of cell interactions with polymer surfaces" J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 2003, 66A, 483–490. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10004
  171. M. L. Walker, A. P. Smith, A. Karim "Combinatorial approach for studying the effects of 4-biphenyl carboxylic acid on polypropylene films" Langmuir 2003, 19, 6582–6585. DOI: 10.1021/la026733+
  172. L. Sung, J. F. Douglas, C. C. Han, A. Karim "Suppression of phase-separation pattern formation in blend films with block copolymer compatibilizer" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2003, 41, 1697–1700. DOI: 10.1002/polb.10519
  173. K. L. Beers, J. F. Douglas, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Combinatorial measurements of crystallization growth rate and morphology in thin films of isotactic polystyrene" Langmuir 2003, 19, 3935–3940. DOI: 10.1021/la026751r
  174. A. J. Crosby, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Combinatorial investigations of interfacial failure" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2003, 41, 883–891. DOI: 10.1002/polb.10446
  175. A. P. Smith, A. Sehgal, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Combinatorial mapping of surface energy effects on diblock copolymer thin film ordering" Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2003, 24, 131–135. DOI: 10.1002/marc.200390001
  176. S. Roberson, A. Sehgal, A. Fahey, A. Karim "Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) for high-throughput characterization of biosurfaces" Appl. Surf. Sci. 2003, 203–204, 855–858. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00822-X
  177. K. M. Ashley, J. Carson Meredith, E. Amis, D. Raghavan, A. Karim "Combinatorial investigation of dewetting: polystyrene thin films on gradient hydrophilic surfaces" Polymer 2003, 44, 769–772. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00779-6
  178. S. V. Roberson, A. J. Fahey, A. Sehgal, A. Karim "Multifunctional ToF-SIMS: combinatorial mapping of gradient energy substrates" Appl. Surf. Sci. 2002, 200, 150–164. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-4332(02)00887-5
  179. X. Gu, D. Raghavan, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "Hole-growth instability in the dewetting of evaporating polymer solution films" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2002, 40, 2825–2832. DOI: 10.1002/polb.10347
  180. A. Karim, E. Amis, K. Yurekli, R. Krishnamoorti, C. Meredith "Combinatorial methods for polymer materials science: Phase behavior of nanocomposite blend films" Polym. Eng. Sci. 2002, 42, 1836–1840. DOI: 10.1002/pen.11076
  181. A. Sehgal, V. Ferreiro, J. F. Douglas, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Pattern-directed dewetting of ultrathin polymer films" Langmuir 2002, 18, 7041–7048. DOI: 10.1021/la020180l
  182. F. Gröhn, X. Gu, H. Grüll, J. C. Meredith, G. Nisato, B. J. Bauer, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Organization of hybrid dendrimer−inorganic nanoparticles on amphiphilic surfaces" Macromolecules 2002, 35, 4852–4854. DOI: 10.1021/ma011800c
  183. V. Ferreiro, J. F. Douglas, J. Warren, A. Karim "Growth pulsations in symmetric dendritic crystallization in thin polymer blend films" Phys. Rev. E 2002, 65, 51606. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.65.051606
  184. V. Ferreiro, J. F. Douglas, J. A. Warren, A. Karim "Nonequilibrium pattern formation in the crystallization of polymer blend films" Phys. Rev. E 2002, 65, 42802. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.65.042802
  185. N. R. Washburn, C. G. Simon Jr., A. Tona, H. M. Elgendy, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Co-extrusion of biocompatible polymers for scaffolds with co-continuous morphology" J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 2002, 60, 20–29. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.10049
  186. H. Wang, K. Shimizu, E. K. Hobbie, Z.-G. Wang, J. C. Meredith, A. Karim, E. J. Amis, B. S. Hsiao, E. T. Hsieh, C. C. Han "Phase diagram of a nearly isorefractive polyolefin blend" Macromolecules 2002, 35, 1072–1078. DOI: 10.1021/ma010900f
  187. K. A. Barnes, J. F. Douglas, D.-W. Liu, A. Karim "Influence of nanoparticles and polymer branching on the dewetting of polymer films" Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2001, 94, 83–104. DOI: 10.1016/S0001-8686(01)00056-2
  188. J. Hwang, L. S. Goldner, A. Karim, C. Gettinger "Imaging phase-separated domains in conducting polymer blend films with near-field scanning optical microscopy" Appl. Opt. 2001, 40, 3737–3745. DOI: 10.1364/AO.40.003737
  189. A. P. Smith, J. F. Douglas, J. C. Meredith, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "High-throughput characterization of pattern formation in symmetric diblock copolymer films" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 2001, 39, 2141–2158. DOI: 10.1002/polb.1188
  190. A. P. Smith, J. F. Douglas, J. C. Meredith, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Combinatorial study of surface pattern formation in thin block copolymer films" Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 87, 15503. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.015503
  191. K. E. Strawhecker, S. K. Kumar, J. F. Douglas, A. Karim "The critical role of solvent evaporation on the roughness of spin-cast polymer films" Macromolecules 2001, 34, 4669–4672. DOI: 10.1021/ma001440d
  192. V. Ferreiro, J. f. Douglas, E. j. Amis "Phase ordering in blend films of semi-crystalline and amorphous polymers" Macromol. Symp. 2001, 167, 73–88. DOI: 10.1002/1521-3900(200103)167:1<73::AID-MASY73>3.0.CO;2-T
  193. Y. A. Akpalu, A. Karim, S. K. Satija, N. P. Balsara "Suppression of lateral phase separation in thin polyolefin blend films" Macromolecules 2001, 34, 1720–1729. DOI: 10.1021/ma001347p
  194. J. C. Meredith, A. P. Smith, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "Combinatorial materials science for polymer thin-film dewetting" Macromolecules 2000, 33, 9747–9756. DOI: 10.1021/ma001298g
  195. A. Karim, D.-W. Liu, J. F. Douglas, A. I. Nakatani, E. J. Amis "Modification of the phase stability of polymer blends by fillers" Polymer 2000, 41, 8455–8458. DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00245-7
  196. G. Schmidt, A. I. Nakatani, P. D. Butler, A. Karim, C. C. Han "Shear orientation of viscoelastic polymer−clay solutions probed by flow birefringence and SANS" Macromolecules 2000, 33, 7219–7222. DOI: 10.1021/ma9918811
  197. J. C. Meredith, A. Karim, E. J. Amis "High-throughput measurement of polymer blend phase behavior" Macromolecules 2000, 33, 5760–5762. DOI: 10.1021/ma0004662
  198. K. A. Barnes, J. F. Douglas, D.-W. Liu, B. Bauer, E. J. Amis, A. Karim "Influence of generation number on the dewetting of hypergraft poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) films" Polym. Int. 2000, 49, 463–468. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(200005)49:5<463::AID-PI434>3.0.CO;2-5
  199. K. A. Barnes, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, A. I. Nakatani, H. Gruell, E. J. Amis "Suppression of dewetting in nanoparticle-filled polymer films" Macromolecules 2000, 33, 4177–4185. DOI: 10.1021/ma990614s
  200. D. Raghavan, X. Gu, T. Nguyen, M. VanLandingham, A. Karim "Mapping polymer heterogeneity using atomic force microscopy phase imaging and nanoscale indentation" Macromolecules 2000, 33, 2573–2583. DOI: 10.1021/ma991206r
  201. A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, G. Nisato, D.-W. Liu, E. J. Amis "Transient target patterns in phase separating filled polymer blends" Macromolecules 1999, 32, 5917–5924. DOI: 10.1021/ma990439f
  202. A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, S. K. Satija, R. J. Goyette "Frustrated coalescence in a chemically reactive polymer blend film" Macromolecules 1999, 32, 1119–1127. DOI: 10.1021/ma980296h
  203. B. D. Ermi, G. Nisato, J. F. Douglas, J. A. Rogers, A. Karim "Coupling between phase separation and surface deformation modes in self-organizing polymer blend films" Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 81, 3900–3903. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.3900
  204. S. Kitade, N. Ochiai, Y. Takahashi, I. Noda, Y. Matsushita, A. Karim, A. I. Nakatani, H. Kim, C. C. Han "Lamellar orientation of diblock copolymer solutions under steady shear flow" Macromolecules 1998, 31, 8083–8090. DOI: 10.1021/ma971470p
  205. R. Xie, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, C. C. Han, R. A. Weiss "Spinodal dewetting of thin polymer films" Phys. Rev. Lett. 1998, 81, 1251–1254. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1251
  206. S. K. Satija, P. D. Gallagher, A. Karim, L. J. Fetters "Neutron reflectivity study of a chemically end-grafted polystyrene brush in a binary solvent mixture" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1998, 248, 204–207. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-4526(98)00232-4
  207. A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, B. P. Lee, S. C. Glotzer, J. A. Rogers, R. J. Jackman, E. J. Amis, G. M. Whitesides "Phase separation of ultrathin polymer-blend films on patterned substrates" Phys. Rev. E 1998, 57, R6273–R6276. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.57.R6273
  208. A. Karim, T. M. Slawecki, S. K. Kumar, J. F. Douglas, S. K. Satija, C. C. Han, T. P. Russell, Y. Liu, R. Overney, J. Sokolov, M. H. Rafailovich "Phase-separation-induced surface patterns in thin polymer blend films" Macromolecules 1998, 31, 857–862. DOI: 10.1021/ma970687g
  209. B. D. Ermi, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas "Formation and dissolution of phase-separated structures in ultrathin blend films" J. Polym. Sci. Part B Polym. Phys. 1998, 36, 191–200. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0488(19980115)36:1<191::AID-POLB21>3.0.CO;2-6
  210. Y. Feng, A. Karim, R. A. Weiss, J. F. Douglas, C. C. Han "Control of polystyrene film dewetting through sulfonation and metal complexation" Macromolecules 1998, 31, 484–493. DOI: 10.1021/ma9706541
  211. L. Sung, A. I. Nakatani, C. C. Han, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, S. K. Satija "The role of the copolymer additives on phase behavior of a polymer blend" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1997, 241–243, 1013–1015. DOI: 10.1016/S0921-4526(97)00794-1
  212. N. Torikai, I. Noda, A. Karim, S. K. Satija, C. C. Han, Y. Matsushita, T. Kawakatsu "Neutron reflection studies on segment distribution of block chains in lamellar microphase-separated structures" Macromolecules 1997, 30, 2907–2914. DOI: 10.1021/ma961089p
  213. P. Brant, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, F. S. Bates "Surface composition of amorphous and crystallizable polyethylene blends as measured by static SIMS" Macromolecules 1996, 29, 5628–5634. DOI: 10.1021/ma951349n
  214. L. Sung, A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, C. C. Han "Dimensional crossover in the phase separation kinetics of thin polymer blend films" Phys. Rev. Lett. 1996, 76, 4368–4371. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4368
  215. Y. Feng, R. A. Weiss, A. Karim, C. C. Han, J. F. Ankner, H. Kaiser, D. G. Peiffer "Compatibilization of polymer blends by complexation. 2. Kinetics of interfacial mixing" Macromolecules 1996, 29, 3918–3924. DOI: 10.1021/ma951723j
  216. A. P. Y. Wong, A. Karim, C. C. Han "Neutron reflection studies of phase separation and transesterification in thin film polymer blends" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1996, 221, 301–305. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00941-8
  217. A. Karim, J. F. Douglas, F. Horkay, L. J. Fetters, S. K. Satija "Comparative swelling of gels and polymer brush layers" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1996, 221, 331–336. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00946-9
  218. L. J. Norton, E. J. Kramer, F. S. Bates, M. D. Gehlsen, R. A. L. Jones, A. Karim, G. P. Felcher, R. Kleb "Neutron reflectometry study of surface segregation in an isotopic poly(ethylenepropylene) blend: deviation from Mean-Field Theory" Macromolecules 1995, 28, 8621–8628. DOI: 10.1021/ma00129a022
  219. A. Karim, V. V. Tsukruk, J. F. Douglas, S. K. Satija, L. J. Fetters, D. H. Reneker, M. D. Foster "Self-organization of polymer brush layers in a poor solvent" J. Phys. II 1995, 5, 1441–1456. DOI: 10.1051/jp2:1995193
  220. H. Lin, A. Steyerl, S. K. Satija, A. Karim, T. P. Russell "Solvent penetration into ordered thin films of diblock copolymers" Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1470–1474. DOI: 10.1021/ma00109a018
  221. A. Karim, S. K. Satija, J. F. Douglas, J. F. Ankner, L. J. Fetters "Neutron reflectivity study of the density profile of a model end-grafted polymer brush: influence of solvent quality" Phys. Rev. Lett. 1994, 73, 3407–3410. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.3407
  222. M. Sikka, N. Singh, F. S. Bates, A. Karim, S. Satija, C. F. Majkrzak "Surface segregation in model symmetric polyolefin diblock copolymer melts" J. Phys. II 1994, 4, 2231–2248. DOI: 10.1051/jp2:1994258
  223. A. Karim, G. P. Felcher, T. P. Russell "Interdiffusion of polymers at short times" Macromolecules 1994, 27, 6973–6979. DOI: 10.1021/ma00101a039
  224. N. Singh, A. Karim, F. S. Bates, M. Tirrell, K. Furusawa "Adsorption of end-functionalized polystyrene on model textured surfaces" Macromolecules 1994, 27, 2586–2594. DOI: 10.1021/ma00087a030
  225. A. Karim, N. Singh, M. Sikka, F. S. Bates, W. D. Dozier, G. P. Felcher "Ordering in asymmetric poly (ethylene–propylene)–poly (ethylethylene) diblock copolymer thin films" J. Chem. Phys. 1994, 100, 1620–1629. DOI: 10.1063/1.466589
  226. M. Sikka, N. Singh, A. Karim, F. S. Bates, S. K. Satija, C. F. Majkrzak "Entropy-driven surface segregation in block copolymer melts" Phys. Rev. Lett. 1993, 70, 307–310. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.307
  227. R. A. L. Jones, L. J. Norton, K. R. Shull, E. J. Kramer, G. P. Felcher, A. Karim, L. J. Fetters "Interfacial segment density profiles of end-anchored polymers in a melt" Macromolecules 1992, 25, 2359–2368. DOI: 10.1021/ma00035a012
  228. A. Karim, B. H. Arendt, R. Goyette, Y. Y. Huang, R. Kleb, G. P. Felcher "An automated neutron reflectometer (POSY II) at the intense pulsed neutron source" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1991, 173, 17–24. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(91)90030-I
  229. A. Karim, B. H. Arendt, G. P. Felcher, T. P. Russell "Preparation and characterization of thin polymer bilayer films by neutron reflection" Thin Solid Films 1991, 202, 345–350. DOI: 10.1016/0040-6090(91)90105-7
  230. G. P. Felcher, A. Karim, T. P. Russell "Interdiffusion at the interface of polymeric bilayers: evidence for reptation?" J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1991, 131–133, 703–708. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3093(91)90671-R
  231. A. Karim, A. Mansour, G. P. Felcher, T. P. Russell "Short-time relaxation at polymeric interfaces" Phys. Rev. B 1990, 42, 6846–6849. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.42.6846
  232. R. A. L. Jones, L. J. Norton, E. J. Kramer, R. J. Composto, R. S. Stein, T. P. Russell, A. Mansour, A. Karim, G. P. Felcher, M. H. Rafailovich, J. Sokolov, X. Zhao, S. A. Schwarz "The form of the enriched surface layer in polymer blends" Europhys. Lett. EPL 1990, 12, 41–46. DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/12/1/008
  233. A. Karim, A. Mansour, G. P. Felcher, T. P. Russell "A neutron reflection test of the ‘reptation time’" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1989, 156–157, 430–433. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90697-2
  234. R. J. Composto, R. S. Stein, E. J. Kramer, R. A. L. Jones, A. Mansour, A. Karim, G. P. Felcher "Surface enrichment in polymer blends — A neutron reflection test" Phys. B Condens. Matter 1989, 156–157, 434–436. DOI: 10.1016/0921-4526(89)90698-4
  235. T. P. Russell, A. Karim, A. Mansour, G. P. Felcher "Specular reflectivity of neutrons by thin polymer films" Macromolecules 1988, 21, 1890–1893. DOI: 10.1021/ma00184a066